‘Digital media have in many ways changed how we consume media products’ who do you think benefits the most- audiences or producers?
Digital media has revolutionised the way audiences and producers consume news through various ways like citizen journalism and crowdsourcing which provides a pluralistic model for audiences as the audience play an active role in providing information for producers. This leads onto UGC (user generated content) which is how social networking sites work such as MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter which are the texts I’ve been focusing on for my case study.
Facebook which started in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg is a social networking site that over took MySpace which was created in 2003.Myspace was targeted at 16+ originally but Facebook was the new phenomenon as there was more interactivity compared to Facebook. This is down to UGC reasons like pictures, videos, fanpages and applications that target a wide age range e.g. Farmville. Due to all the content available on Facebook that MySpace didn’t have they changed their route and decided to target young artists promoting their musical abilities. This allows more business opportunities for people to artists under their record as well as entertaining the public. Similarly Facebook’s audience has changed from university students to teenagers from 13+.
Social networking sites have isolated us from ‘real human interaction in a cyber-reality that is a poor imitation of the real world.’ This is pointed out by Sherry Turkle’s article in the Guardian which would disadvantage the reputatio0n of social netowrking sites. This is because people spend less time interacting in personas statistics shows that 57% of people talk more online than face to face as they’ve become dependent on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter. So it could suggest that ‘technology is threatening to dominate our lives and make us less human’.
According to research on social networks from Harvard professor Mikolaj Jan Piskorski woman have twice as photos and tags updated than men and he found that guys preferred girls with pictures and girls preferred girls with pictures. Real life example of fb suicide was Simone Back, she posted a status saying ‘took all my pills be dead soon so bye bye everyone’ and none of her 1082 facebook friends helped her. This hints at the problems with social networking sites like being hacked and having fake friends. Facebook makes money by targeted advertising s they store information about what a certain user likes and has adverts of similar styles increasing their likelihood of gaining profit.
Twitter created by Jack Dorsey in 2006 is mostly used by celebrities where fans can follow them and get constant updates by accessing the site through phones which is convergence. Research shows there is an estimated 50 million tweets per day but pear analytics analysed 2000 tweets from the US and UK and found that: 40% of tweets were pointless babble, 38% conversational, 9%pass along value, 6% self promotion, 4% of spam and 4% of news. The figure of the news retrieved from social networking sites is lower compared to Facebook as 48% of Americans said they find out about news on Facebook. These social networking sites are available in different languages as a result of globalisation.
Google Realtime has a negative effect on twitter as they lose out more users as people can view content from social networking sites without being signed up. The issues of social networking sites is that you cant trust whos behind the screen and who has access to viewing your personal information and its easy for paedophiles to groom young children. As well as identity fraud which might happen on Twitter as people make fake accounts to create bad publicity.
UGC has replaced old forms of media like newspapers and letters. Although celebs mainly use Twitter and have followers on their there are other forms of accessing celebrity gossip such as digital spy.
Overall I think digital media has definitely impacted how audiences consume media as there is a pluralistic model which has allowed there to be choice over if audiences are active or passive. For instance citzen journalism put the audience in the position to share with the public as well as producers which leads to crowdsourcing. Although the constant changes to technologies might lead to a whole new revolution as this happened with MySpace which was overtook by Facebook.
Wednesday, 9 March 2011
Monday, 7 March 2011
Case study- social networking
case study..
Case study digital media pp
View more presentations from mariammalik1.
Saturday, 5 March 2011
Saturday, 26 February 2011
The mutualisation of news
The creation of "citizen journalists", has revolutionised the delivery of information to the point where Rusbridger now sees our journalists and readers as equal partners.We need to get writers into the mindset where we tell less and listen more, not just in send mode but receive mode, where publishing an article is the beginning of a process and not the end of it."
Crowdsourcing - getting the public to gather information..Guardian journalist Jemima Kiss, who had more than 12,000 followers on Twitter in June 2009 and uses them to get help in researching stories
there are all these people out there who can bombard her with all the information she needs. It represents a blurring of the lines between journalism and readers. She says: you help me with researching this story and I will let you know when it is ready."
As a result journos dont check information therefore it lacks validity
-------------------------------------------------
Death of Ian Tomlinson-the police report said he died of a heart attack while they were trying to rescue him under a hail of bottles but reporter P
aul Lewis (Gaurdian) doubted this so raised questions in the paper and on Twitter which led people to look through their cameras and mobiles.
aul Lewis (Gaurdian) doubted this so raised questions in the paper and on Twitter which led people to look through their cameras and mobiles.
A fund manager from New York realised he had captured the assault on Tomlinson and it was an extremely dramatic piece of film.Therefore citizen journalism is more important than it seems.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainability/report-mutualisation-citizen-journalism
Wednesday, 2 February 2011
the impact of new and digital media on celebrity culture
1. has new and digital media had an impact upon ownership and control of the media institution(s) involved in your case study area? Explain in detail any impact and what exactly has changed
http://www.blogussion.com/social-media/uses-social-networking/ 5 common uses for social networking sites and effects on audience.
http://techcrunch.com/2008/08/10/why-twitter-hasnt-failed-the-power-of-audience/
social network profiles are all about self-expression and being seen, but a platform for self-expression isn’t necessarily designed for the audience that does “the seeing.”
The news feed is cluttered right now with people I don’t care about.” Anything that’s unpredictable produces a feeling of uncertainty — and that’s never a comfortable feeling.
( on fb)
A useful premise but it also has a catch: the word “more”. Too much content, too many people — which is exactly the problem that Facebook is trying to address with its algorithmic feed.
(0n twitter..constant updates)
The backlog of all previous tweets is a guarantee of permanence (you can even search it) and you can catch up on it anytime..although with fb the news feed hogs up your homepage with people you might not even care about such as when they join groups.
This simple premise holds the key to Twitter’s success: messages go to a well-defined audience. In the moment you release a tweet, you know who’s on the line and you have an idea of who can catch a glimpse of your message.
Blogging on the other hand has no such clearly defined audience. An aspiring blogger who hasn’t crossed the chasm speaks into the void. Direct feedback can only come in the form of written comments (a relatively high barrier of effort) and it’s diminished by spam and vocal trolls these days. ( myspace)
celebs use these sites to promote themselves as they have followers on twitter or fanpages therefore it makes the audience feel like they are addressing them directly when their message is going out to all their followers. sometimes social networking sites can be used as a weapon to attack other people with publicly e.g Cheryl Cole tweets about missing ring finger in relation to her marriage falling apart.
http://www.zimbio.com/Cheryl+Cole/articles/5-NPzhuKh9a/Chezza+releases+Twitter+Msg+missing+ring
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/jan/22/social-networking-cyber-scepticism-twitter
2. what impact has there been on the way in which the audience now consume the media products/texts involved in your case study? how does it differ from what went before? (SHEP)
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/jan/23/effect-of-internet-on-celebrity
Turkle's thesis is simple: technology is threatening to dominate our lives and make us less human. Under the illusion of allowing us to communicate better, it is actually isolating us from real human interactions in a cyber-reality that is a poor imitation of the real world.
Social media has bred a generation of "slacktivists". It has made people lazy and enshrined the illusion that clicking a mouse is a form of activism equal to real world donations of money and time.
real life example of Simone Back - fb suicide- 'took all my pills, be dead soon. so bye bye everyone- 1082 friends didn't help her.
convergence ..iphone, ipad- higher bills :o
4.Is the size of the audience any different now than before the impact of new and digital media (or has pattern of usage changed)
Twitter and Facebook available in different languages
http://everyjoe.com/technology/facebook-losing-18-25-audience/
http://techcrunch.com/2008/08/10/why-twitter-hasnt-failed-the-power-of-audience/
5. primary target audience now and how has this changed? who was it before and how do you know?
UK audience spends roughly about 6 hours on fb per day compared to Japan who spend 2 hours and 50 mins
in the past the age range used to start roughly from 18-24 but now the age range has expanded and children who are 12 can have fb. The different applications prove this such as games for the younger audience..and fan pages for older possibly.
6. how have the audience responded to the changes? is there more customer choice is there evidence of a more pluralistic model? what evidence do you have to support this?
In the past social networking sites where just simply used for socialising but now celebs use them to promote themselves in the media and to get their name in the papaer..e.g Jordan (Katie Price)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1153583/Social-websites-harm-childrens-brains-Chilling-warning-parents-neuroscientist.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/7644627/US-senators-demand-Facebook-privacy-changes.html
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/10_ways_social_media_will_change_in_2010.php
http://hubpages.com/hub/The-changing-face-of-Facebook-social-networking-site
7. what concerns are there for any media institutions involved in your case study as a result of the impact of new and digital media?
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16681-innovation-how-social-networking-might-change-the-world.html
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8225338.stm
8. what are the political and social implications of the new and technologies and the methods of consumption? e.g moral panic
privacy concerns ( leaked pics of celebs)..identity fraud..child pornography..
9. consider the effects so far and possible effects in the future on media instsitutions involved in your case study. ( media production)
http://techcrunch.com/2010/12/05/social-networking-future/
10. what issues may there be regarding media effects and/or regulation/ censorship as a result of changes due to new and digital media?
more profit (through business promotion as they have their own pages)
11. are there any cross cultural factors and / or effects if globalisation involved in the imapct of new technology on your case study.
'consumerism generates hunger for material status, symbols, new material needs.'
Marshall McLuhan (understanding media the extensions of a man) -'the medium is the message'
The medium is the message: an inventory of effects -'The medium, or process, of out time electric technology is reshaping and restructuring patterns of social interdependence and every aspect of our personal life. It is forcing us to reconsider and re-evaluate practically, every thought, every reaction.'
'the future of the book is the blurb'
'as technology advances, it reverses the characteristics of every situation again and again. The age of automation is going to be the age of 'do it yourself' -1957
Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation.
-Noam Chomsky
Karl Marx (1875 critique of the gotha programme
In a higher phase of communist society... only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be fully left behind and society inscribe on its banners: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.
Gramsci (selections from cultural writing,1985) Nothing is fixed , riggid or definitive and nothing ever will be.
Karl Marx In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality. ...( can link it to celeb culture of people following eg people following celebs on twitter)
'The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs.' ( can link it to the lack of privacy of celeb culture)
The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.'
12. consider theoretical perspectives in relation to the impact of new/digital media in your case study. E.g representation of certain groups as a result of changes, Marxism and hegemony, liberal pluralism, colonialism, audience theories..etc.
pluralistic model - freedom of choice
globalisation of social networking sites - e.g different languages
representation of certain celebs as sad for publicly attacking people e.g Jordan.
although celebs can show appreciation to their fans ..Katie Price thanked her fans for their 'support at this sad time' on Twitter when she issued a statement declaring the end of her marriage with Peter Andre.
http://www.blogussion.com/social-media/uses-social-networking/ 5 common uses for social networking sites and effects on audience.
http://techcrunch.com/2008/08/10/why-twitter-hasnt-failed-the-power-of-audience/
social network profiles are all about self-expression and being seen, but a platform for self-expression isn’t necessarily designed for the audience that does “the seeing.”
The news feed is cluttered right now with people I don’t care about.” Anything that’s unpredictable produces a feeling of uncertainty — and that’s never a comfortable feeling.
( on fb)
A useful premise but it also has a catch: the word “more”. Too much content, too many people — which is exactly the problem that Facebook is trying to address with its algorithmic feed.
(0n twitter..constant updates)
The backlog of all previous tweets is a guarantee of permanence (you can even search it) and you can catch up on it anytime..although with fb the news feed hogs up your homepage with people you might not even care about such as when they join groups.
This simple premise holds the key to Twitter’s success: messages go to a well-defined audience. In the moment you release a tweet, you know who’s on the line and you have an idea of who can catch a glimpse of your message.
Blogging on the other hand has no such clearly defined audience. An aspiring blogger who hasn’t crossed the chasm speaks into the void. Direct feedback can only come in the form of written comments (a relatively high barrier of effort) and it’s diminished by spam and vocal trolls these days. ( myspace)
celebs use these sites to promote themselves as they have followers on twitter or fanpages therefore it makes the audience feel like they are addressing them directly when their message is going out to all their followers. sometimes social networking sites can be used as a weapon to attack other people with publicly e.g Cheryl Cole tweets about missing ring finger in relation to her marriage falling apart.
http://www.zimbio.com/Cheryl+Cole/articles/5-NPzhuKh9a/Chezza+releases+Twitter+Msg+missing+ring
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/jan/22/social-networking-cyber-scepticism-twitter
2. what impact has there been on the way in which the audience now consume the media products/texts involved in your case study? how does it differ from what went before? (SHEP)
MySpace wasn't long lasting but Fb and Twitter had more options to interact. There are applications such as games like Farmville, fan pages. groups.. audiences are more selective and have more choice over the content they choose to show through features like uploading pictures,sharing links and videos. The rise in UGC has replaced old forms of media like newspapers and letters. Although celebs mainly use Twitter and have followers on their there are other forms of accessing celebrity gossip such as digital spy.
Also the banner ads targets people specifically based on their activities they're interested in this is to generate profit.3.what impact has there been on how the media institution now has to produce the texts and the way in which the texts/products are distributed and exhibited?
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/jan/22/social-networking-cyber-scepticism-twitterhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/jan/23/effect-of-internet-on-celebrity
Turkle's thesis is simple: technology is threatening to dominate our lives and make us less human. Under the illusion of allowing us to communicate better, it is actually isolating us from real human interactions in a cyber-reality that is a poor imitation of the real world.
Social media has bred a generation of "slacktivists". It has made people lazy and enshrined the illusion that clicking a mouse is a form of activism equal to real world donations of money and time.
real life example of Simone Back - fb suicide- 'took all my pills, be dead soon. so bye bye everyone- 1082 friends didn't help her.
convergence ..iphone, ipad- higher bills :o
4.Is the size of the audience any different now than before the impact of new and digital media (or has pattern of usage changed)
Twitter and Facebook available in different languages
http://everyjoe.com/technology/facebook-losing-18-25-audience/
http://techcrunch.com/2008/08/10/why-twitter-hasnt-failed-the-power-of-audience/
5. primary target audience now and how has this changed? who was it before and how do you know?
UK audience spends roughly about 6 hours on fb per day compared to Japan who spend 2 hours and 50 mins
in the past the age range used to start roughly from 18-24 but now the age range has expanded and children who are 12 can have fb. The different applications prove this such as games for the younger audience..and fan pages for older possibly.
6. how have the audience responded to the changes? is there more customer choice is there evidence of a more pluralistic model? what evidence do you have to support this?
In the past social networking sites where just simply used for socialising but now celebs use them to promote themselves in the media and to get their name in the papaer..e.g Jordan (Katie Price)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1153583/Social-websites-harm-childrens-brains-Chilling-warning-parents-neuroscientist.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/7644627/US-senators-demand-Facebook-privacy-changes.html
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/10_ways_social_media_will_change_in_2010.php
http://hubpages.com/hub/The-changing-face-of-Facebook-social-networking-site
7. what concerns are there for any media institutions involved in your case study as a result of the impact of new and digital media?
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16681-innovation-how-social-networking-might-change-the-world.html
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8225338.stm
8. what are the political and social implications of the new and technologies and the methods of consumption? e.g moral panic
privacy concerns ( leaked pics of celebs)..identity fraud..child pornography..
9. consider the effects so far and possible effects in the future on media instsitutions involved in your case study. ( media production)
http://techcrunch.com/2010/12/05/social-networking-future/
10. what issues may there be regarding media effects and/or regulation/ censorship as a result of changes due to new and digital media?
more profit (through business promotion as they have their own pages)
11. are there any cross cultural factors and / or effects if globalisation involved in the imapct of new technology on your case study.
'consumerism generates hunger for material status, symbols, new material needs.'
Marshall McLuhan (understanding media the extensions of a man) -'the medium is the message'
The medium is the message: an inventory of effects -'The medium, or process, of out time electric technology is reshaping and restructuring patterns of social interdependence and every aspect of our personal life. It is forcing us to reconsider and re-evaluate practically, every thought, every reaction.'
'the future of the book is the blurb'
'as technology advances, it reverses the characteristics of every situation again and again. The age of automation is going to be the age of 'do it yourself' -1957
Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation.
-Noam Chomsky
Karl Marx (1875 critique of the gotha programme
In a higher phase of communist society... only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be fully left behind and society inscribe on its banners: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.
Gramsci (selections from cultural writing,1985) Nothing is fixed , riggid or definitive and nothing ever will be.
Karl Marx In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality. ...( can link it to celeb culture of people following eg people following celebs on twitter)
'The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs.' ( can link it to the lack of privacy of celeb culture)
The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.'
12. consider theoretical perspectives in relation to the impact of new/digital media in your case study. E.g representation of certain groups as a result of changes, Marxism and hegemony, liberal pluralism, colonialism, audience theories..etc.
pluralistic model - freedom of choice
globalisation of social networking sites - e.g different languages
representation of certain celebs as sad for publicly attacking people e.g Jordan.
although celebs can show appreciation to their fans ..Katie Price thanked her fans for their 'support at this sad time' on Twitter when she issued a statement declaring the end of her marriage with Peter Andre.
Tuesday, 25 January 2011
case study quotes for new/digital media
Marshall McLuhan (understanding media the extensions of a man) -'the medium is the message'
The medium is the message: an inventory of effects -'The medium, or process, of out time electric technology is reshaping and restructuring patterns of social interdependence and every aspect of our personal life. It is forcing us to reconsider and re-evaluate practically, every thought, every reaction.'
'the future of the book is the blurb'
'as technology advances, it reverses the characteristics of every situation again and again. The age of automation is going to be the age of 'do it yourself' -1957
Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation.
-Noam Chomsky
Karl Marx (1875 critique of the gotha programme
In a higher phase of communist society... only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be fully left behind and society inscribe on its banners: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.
Gramsci (selections from cultural writing,1985) Nothing is fixed , riggid or definitive and nothing ever will be.
Karl Marx In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality. ...( can link it to celeb culture of people following eg people following celebs on twitter)
'The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs.' ( can link it to the lack of privacy of celeb culture)
The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.'
The medium is the message: an inventory of effects -'The medium, or process, of out time electric technology is reshaping and restructuring patterns of social interdependence and every aspect of our personal life. It is forcing us to reconsider and re-evaluate practically, every thought, every reaction.'
'the future of the book is the blurb'
'as technology advances, it reverses the characteristics of every situation again and again. The age of automation is going to be the age of 'do it yourself' -1957
Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation.
-Noam Chomsky
Karl Marx (1875 critique of the gotha programme
In a higher phase of communist society... only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be fully left behind and society inscribe on its banners: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.
Gramsci (selections from cultural writing,1985) Nothing is fixed , riggid or definitive and nothing ever will be.
Karl Marx In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality. ...( can link it to celeb culture of people following eg people following celebs on twitter)
'The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs.' ( can link it to the lack of privacy of celeb culture)
The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.'
Wednesday, 1 December 2010
Is reality becoming more real? the rise and rise of UGC
Citizen Journalist- when onlookers/ members of the public happen to capture an important event and they upload it so they are the producers of the text...sometimes called 'grassroot journalists or accidental journalists'one of the first examples of news being generated by ordinary people was the Rodney King incident where he had a high speed chase with the police resulting in them beating him up with clubs which is filmed by an onlooker causing a international media sensation. this lead to people protesting that the police were racist towards Africa-Americans
some of the new interactive formats introduced by the news organisations is stuff like message boards, chatrooms, question and answers, polls and blogs.
the main difference that there is between professionally shot footage and UGC footage is that user generated content is more hard hitting and emotive and news now might be old fashioned and somehow staged if it lacks the low quality grainy style of footage that is proved by citizen journalists.
A gatekeeper is a news organi
sation that decides which content provided by citizen journalists can be shown whether its appropriate or not.. in other words they're job is to filter the content for publication.The role of the gatekeeper has changed as people who didn't have a voice before now do..such as youths, low income groups and other minorities.
Primary concern about the rise of UGC is that its is likely that in future there will be fewer and fewer permanent trained staff at news organisations, leaving a smaller core staff who will manage and process UGC from citizen journalists, sometimes known as ‘crowd sourcing.’ Some believe that the mediators and moderators might eventually disappear too, leaving a world where the media is, finally, unmediated.
Theorists
Cohen- moral panic..gays as folk devil..in Eastenders moral panic caused by Syeds family as they are traditional and religious so they clash with Christian who is proud of his sexuality.
Staurt Hall- reception theory
encoding/decoding
Moment of encoding – the creation of the text, when forms, structures, codes and conventions are used to construct a text with an intended meaning.
Moment of the text – the symbolic existence of the text as it is published or broadcast – the focus of semiotics.
Moment of decoding – when an individual with a unique set of values, attitudes and experiences encounters the text. Regarded as more the moment of ‘creation’ than the first stage.
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